Aims
- Secure a marriage between Edward VI and Mary, Queen of Scots (Treaty of Greenwich, 1543)
- Achieve political union between England and Scotland
- Continue the military campaign against Scotland begun under Henry VIII
- Avoid war with France but limit the Auld Alliance between France and Scotland
Battle of Pinkie (1547)
- Took place in September 1547
- England achieved a decisive victory over Scotland
- Somerset captured Edinburgh and key border strongholds
- Forced to return to London due to domestic issues, leaving garrisons behind
Policy of Garrisoning and Early Success
- Replaced sporadic invasions with permanent garrisons to maintain pressure
- 25 garrisons established with 14 more planned (1547–1549)
- Initially effective in asserting control over parts of Scotland
Failure of Garrisoning
- French Intervention: Arrival of 10,000 French troops in 1548 overwhelmed garrisons
- Mary taken to France: Undermined purpose of campaign
- Logistical Issues: Expensive and difficult to supply and defend remote garrisons
- French Attacks: French besieged key garrisons like Haddington
- Domestic Rebellions (1549): Western and Kett’s rebellions diverted attention and troops
- Abandonment of Garrisons: Eventually had to withdraw from Haddington and Scotland